Defending Europe - Episode Guide

Archaeologist Tony Pollard explores Rochester Castle and an infamous medieval siege, while military historian Alex Churchill discovers how Britain tackled Napoleon.

How France constructed ingenious fortifications, on a massive scale, to defend itself against attacks from the east.

The methods used by Finland to defend itself, revealing how a small force beat the Red Army in the Second World War, and how Finns are preparing for war now.

Exploring the strategies, weapons and structures Poland has used to defend and protect its territories through the ages.

The story of how the Netherlands, locked in a constant battle with water, has harnessed this threat to become a powerful European player.

Historian Onyeka Nubia investigates Spain's Moorish forts, while Spanish Historian Claudio Lozano reveals how Cádiz resisted attacks from Queen Elizabeth I.